Date : 11-09-16 07:52
SEG BOOK - Multicomponent Seismic Technology
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   http://library.seg.org/ebooks/seg/geophysical_references_series/178e [4930]

Author(s): Bob A. Hardage, Michael V. DeAngelo, Paul E. Murray, Diana Sava
Published: 2011
DOI: 10.1190/1.9781560802891
Catalog No. 178E
Pages: 336
Buy eBook: US$99


Description

Much has changed since SEG published a comprehensive book on multicomponent seismic technology in 1991. The current volume, Multicomponent Seismic Technology (SEG Geophysical References Series No. 18), brings the subject up to the present. Emphasis is placed on practical applications of multicomponent seismic technology, with chapters dedicated to data-acquisition procedures, data-processing strategies, techniques for depth registering P and S data, rock-physics principles, joint interpretations of P and S data, and numerous case histories that demonstrate the value of multicomponent data for evaluating onshore and offshore prospects. All forms of multicomponent seismic data are considered — three component, four component, and nine component. Interpretation focuses on elastic wavefield seismic stratigraphy, in which a seismic interpreter gives the same weight to S-wave data as to P-wave data when defining seismic sequences and seismic facies. S-wave splitting in fractured media and other key theoretical concepts are supported by numerous data examples. The book will be of interest to researchers in multicomponent seismic technology and to explorationists who have to locate and exploit energy resources. The book will be appreciated by those who shun mathematical theory because it explains principles and concepts with real data rather than with mathematical equations.

Keywords: 2D, 3-C, 3D, 4-C, amplitude, azimuth, common conversion point, common midpoint, elastic, fractures, interpretation, multicomponent, OBC, porosity, reflection, seafloor, sediment, seismic, shear wave, stratigraphy, two-dimensional, velocity

Table of Contents

Front Matter FREE [ PDF ]
1. Basic Concepts [ PDF ]
2. Multicomponent Data Acquisition [ PDF ]
3. Multicomponent Data Processing [ PDF ]
4. Rock Physics [ PDF ]
5. Depth Registration of P and S Data [ PDF ]
6. Multicomponent Data Interpretation [ PDF ]
7. Marine Examples and Applications [ PDF ]
8. Onshore Examples and Applications [ PDF ]
9. Overview [ PDF ]
10. Glossary FREE [ PDF ]
11. References FREE [ PDF ]
12. Author-Citation Index FREE [ PDF ]
Excerpt

Multicomponent seismic technology did not become a viable science for energy explorationists until the 1960s and 1970s, when Conoco began to test and demonstrate its horizontal vibrator. Previously, there had been little effort to acquire and use shearwave (S-wave) seismic data in exploration and development geophysics. Although shot-hole explosives, vertical vibrators, and vertical-impact sources had been available as seismic sources for several years, those vertical-force sources were used to acquire only compressional-wave (P-wave) data, even though each source produced a shear mode directly at surface source stations as well as P-to-SV converted modes at subsurface reflecting interfaces. It is difficult to find documented evidence that people involved in exploration and development geophysics made effective use of any S-wave mode before the advent of the horizontal vibrator.
When the horizontal vibrator was introduced, geophysicists recognized that they finally had access to a source that could generate an SH shear mode. SH is a simpler S-wave mode than SV because there is no energy exchange between SH and P modes or between SH and SV modes at reflecting interfaces. During a span of several years in the 1960s and 1970s, a consortium of oil companies banded with Conoco and used vertical and horizontal vibrators to collect P and SH seismic data across a variety of prospects. Those studies allowed S-wave data-processing software to be developed, S-wave data acquisition procedures to be determined, limitations of horizontal vibrators to be defined, and geologic applications of P and S seismic data to be established for a variety of surface conditions and wave-propagation media. On a relative basis, multicomponent seismic technology advanced more during the period that this Conoco-led consortium tested first-generation horizontal vibrators than it has since. Some of that early work is documented in this book.


©2011 Society of Exploration Geophysicists
DOI: 10.1190/1.9781560802891


 
 

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